# https://quantpedia.com/strategies/momentum-effect-in-stocks-in-small-portfolios/
#
# The investment universe consists of all UK listed companies (this is the investment universe used in the source academic study, and it could be easily
# changed into any other market – see Ammann, Moellenbeck, Schmid: Feasible Momentum Strategies in the US Stock Market). Stocks with the lowest market 
# capitalization (25% of the universe) are excluded due to liquidity reasons. Momentum profits are calculated by ranking companies based on their stock
# market performance over the previous 12 months (the rank period). The investor goes long in the ten stocks with the highest performance and goes short
# in the ten stocks with the lowest performance. The portfolio is equally weighted and rebalanced yearly. We assume the investor has an account size of 
# 10 000 pounds.
#
# QC implementation changes:
#   - Universe consists of top 500 US stock by market cap.
#   - Instead of 10 000 pounds we use 100 000 dollars.
#   - Decile is used instead of 10 stocks.

from AlgorithmImports import *

class MomentumEffectinStocksinSmallPortfolios(QCAlgorithm):

    def Initialize(self):
        self.SetStartDate(2010, 1, 1)
        self.SetCash(100000)

        self.coarse_count = 500
        
        self.long = []
        self.short = []
        
        # Daily data.
        self.data = {}
        self.period = 12 * 21
        self.quantile = 10
        self.leverage = 5
        
        self.symbol = self.AddEquity('SPY', Resolution.Daily).Symbol
        
        self.selection_flag = True
        self.UniverseSettings.Resolution = Resolution.Daily
        self.AddUniverse(self.CoarseSelectionFunction, self.FineSelectionFunction)
        
        self.month = 11
        self.Schedule.On(self.DateRules.MonthStart(self.symbol), self.TimeRules.AfterMarketOpen(self.symbol), self.Selection)
    
    def OnSecuritiesChanged(self, changes):
        for security in changes.AddedSecurities:
            security.SetFeeModel(CustomFeeModel())
            security.SetLeverage(self.leverage)
    
    def CoarseSelectionFunction(self, coarse):
        # Update the rolling window every day.
        for stock in coarse:
            symbol = stock.Symbol

            if symbol in self.data:
                # Store daily price.
                self.data[symbol].update(stock.AdjustedPrice)
        
        # Selection once a month.
        if not self.selection_flag:
            return Universe.Unchanged
        
        # selected = [x.Symbol for x in coarse if x.HasFundamentalData and x.Market == 'usa']
        selected = [x.Symbol
            for x in sorted([x for x in coarse if x.HasFundamentalData and x.Market == 'usa'],
                key = lambda x: x.DollarVolume, reverse = True)[:self.coarse_count]]
        
        # Warmup price rolling windows.
        for symbol in selected:
            if symbol in self.data:
                continue
            
            self.data[symbol] = SymbolData(symbol, self.period)
            history = self.History(symbol, self.period, Resolution.Daily)
            if history.empty:
                self.Log(f"Not enough data for {symbol} yet")
                continue
            closes = history.loc[symbol].close
            for time, close in closes.iteritems():
                self.data[symbol].Price.Add(close)
                
        return [x for x in selected if self.data[x].is_ready()]
        
    def FineSelectionFunction(self, fine):
        fine = [x for x in fine if x.MarketCap != 0]
        
        # if len(fine) > self.coarse_count:
        #     sorted_by_market_cap = sorted(fine, key = lambda x: x.MarketCap, reverse=True)
        #     top_by_market_cap = sorted_by_market_cap[:self.coarse_count]
        # else:
        #     top_by_market_cap = fine
        
        # Performance sorting.
        performance = {x.Symbol : self.data[x.Symbol].performance() for x in fine}

        if len(performance) >= self.quantile:
            decile = int(len(performance) / self.quantile)
            sorted_by_perf = sorted(performance.items(), key = lambda x: x[1], reverse = True)
            self.long = [x[0] for x in sorted_by_perf[:decile]]
            self.short = [x[0] for x in sorted_by_perf[-decile:]]
        
        return self.long + self.short
            
    def OnData(self, data):
        if not self.selection_flag:
            return
        self.selection_flag = False

        # Trade execution.
        long_count = len(self.long)
        short_count = len(self.short)
        
        invested = [x.Key for x in self.Portfolio if x.Value.Invested]
        for symbol in invested:
            if symbol not in self.long + self.short:
                self.Liquidate(symbol)        
                
        for symbol in self.long:
            if symbol in data and data[symbol]:
                self.SetHoldings(symbol, 1 / long_count)

        for symbol in self.short:
            if symbol in data and data[symbol]:
                self.SetHoldings(symbol, -1 / short_count)
        
    def Selection(self):
        # Rebalance every 12 months.
        if self.month == 12:
            self.selection_flag = True

        self.month += 1
        if self.month > 12: 
            self.month = 1

class SymbolData():
    def __init__(self, symbol, period):
        self.Symbol = symbol
        self.Price = RollingWindow[float](period)
    
    def update(self, value):
        self.Price.Add(value)
    
    def is_ready(self):
        return self.Price.IsReady
        
    def performance(self):
        closes = [x for x in self.Price]
        return (closes[0] / closes[-1] - 1)

# Custom fee model
class CustomFeeModel(FeeModel):
    def GetOrderFee(self, parameters):
        fee = parameters.Security.Price * parameters.Order.AbsoluteQuantity * 0.00005
        return OrderFee(CashAmount(fee, "USD"))