# https://quantpedia.com/strategies/roa-effect-within-stocks/
#
# The investment universe contains all stocks on NYSE and AMEX and Nasdaq with Sales greater than 10 million USD. Stocks are then sorted into
# two halves based on market capitalization. Each half is then divided into deciles based on Return on assets (ROA) calculated as quarterly
# earnings (Compustat quarterly item IBQ – income before extraordinary items) divided by one-quarter-lagged assets (item ATQ – total assets).
# The investor then goes long the top three deciles from each market capitalization group and goes short bottom three deciles. The strategy is
# rebalanced monthly, and stocks are equally weighted.
#
# QC implementation changes:
#   - Instead of all listed stock, we select 500 most liquid stocks traded on NYSE, AMEX, or NASDAQ.

from AlgorithmImports import *

class ROAEffectWithinStocks(QCAlgorithm):

    def Initialize(self):
        self.SetStartDate(2000, 1, 1)
        self.SetCash(100000) 

        self.symbol = self.AddEquity('SPY', Resolution.Daily).Symbol
        
        self.course_count = 500
        
        self.long = []
        self.short = []
        
        self.selection_flag = False
        self.UniverseSettings.Resolution = Resolution.Daily
        self.AddUniverse(self.CoarseSelectionFunction, self.FineSelectionFunction)
        self.Schedule.On(self.DateRules.MonthEnd(self.symbol), self.TimeRules.AfterMarketOpen(self.symbol), self.Selection)

    def OnSecuritiesChanged(self, changes):
        for security in changes.AddedSecurities:
            security.SetFeeModel(CustomFeeModel())
            security.SetLeverage(5)

    def CoarseSelectionFunction(self, coarse):
        if not self.selection_flag:
            return Universe.Unchanged
        
        selected = sorted([x for x in coarse if x.HasFundamentalData and x.Market == 'usa' and x.Price > 5],
            key=lambda x: x.DollarVolume, reverse=True)
        
        return [x.Symbol for x in selected[:self.course_count]]
    
    def FineSelectionFunction(self, fine):
        fine = [x for x in fine if x.MarketCap != 0 and x.ValuationRatios.SalesPerShare * x.EarningReports.DilutedAverageShares.Value > 10000000 and
                                    x.OperationRatios.ROA.ThreeMonths != 0
                                    and ((x.SecurityReference.ExchangeId == "NYS") or (x.SecurityReference.ExchangeId == "NAS") or (x.SecurityReference.ExchangeId == "ASE"))]
        
        # Sorting by market cap.
        sorted_by_market_cap = sorted(fine, key = lambda x: x.MarketCap, reverse=True)
        half = int(len(sorted_by_market_cap) / 2)
        top_mc = [x for x in sorted_by_market_cap[:half]]
        bottom_mc = [x for x in sorted_by_market_cap[half:]]
        
        if len(top_mc) >= 10 and len(bottom_mc) >= 10:
            # Sorting by ROA.
            sorted_top_by_roa = sorted(top_mc, key = lambda x:(x.OperationRatios.ROA.Value), reverse=True)
            decile = int(len(sorted_top_by_roa) / 10)
            long_top = [x.Symbol for x in sorted_top_by_roa[:decile*3]]
            short_top = [x.Symbol for x in sorted_top_by_roa[-(decile*3):]]
            
            sorted_bottom_by_roa = sorted(bottom_mc, key = lambda x:(x.OperationRatios.ROA.Value), reverse=True)
            decile = int(len(sorted_bottom_by_roa) / 10)
            long_bottom = [x.Symbol for x in sorted_bottom_by_roa[:decile*3]]
            short_bottom = [x.Symbol for x in sorted_bottom_by_roa[-(decile*3):]]
            
            self.long = long_top + long_bottom 
            self.short = short_top + short_bottom

        return self.long + self.short
    
    def OnData(self, data):
        if not self.selection_flag:
            return
        self.selection_flag = False

        # Trade execution.
        stocks_invested = [x.Key for x in self.Portfolio if x.Value.Invested]
        for symbol in stocks_invested:
            if symbol not in self.long + self.short:
                self.Liquidate(symbol)

        long_count = len(self.long)
        short_count = len(self.short)
        
        for symbol in self.long:
            self.SetHoldings(symbol, 1 / long_count)
        for symbol in self.short:
            self.SetHoldings(symbol, -1 / short_count)

        self.long.clear()
        self.short.clear()
    
    def Selection(self):
        self.selection_flag = True

# Custom fee model.
class CustomFeeModel(FeeModel):
    def GetOrderFee(self, parameters):
        fee = parameters.Security.Price * parameters.Order.AbsoluteQuantity * 0.00005
        return OrderFee(CashAmount(fee, "USD"))