ROA Effect within Stocks

Introduction

Return on Equity (ROE) is defined as the ratio of net income over shareholders equity, where shareholders’ equity is the difference between a company's total assets and total liabilities. Shareholders' equity is often referred to as the book value of the company. ROE is a measure of how efficiently a company uses its assets to produce earnings. It can explain many anomalies related to earnings and profitability. This algorithm will build a long-short portfolio with the ROE factor.

Method

The investment universe contains all stocks on NYSE and AMEX and Nasdaq. In the CoarseSelectionFunction, we eliminated ETFs which does not have fundamental data.

def CoarseSelectionFunction(self, coarse):
    if self.monthly_rebalance:
        self.coarse = True
        filteredCoarse = [x.Symbol for x in coarse if x.HasFundamentalData]
        return filteredCoarse
    else:
        return Universe.Unchanged

In the FineSelectionFunction, stocks with sales greater than 10 milion USD are selected. Then we calculate the market cap for those stocks and sort them into two groups: Big size group with the higher market cap and small size group with the lower market cap. Each half is then divided into deciles based on Return on assets (ROA).

def FineSelectionFunction(self, fine):
    if self.monthly_rebalance:
        fine =[i for i in fine if i.EarningReports.BasicAverageShares.ThreeMonths != 0
                              and i.EarningReports.BasicEPS.TwelveMonths != 0
                              and i.ValuationRatios.PERatio != 0
                              # sales is greater than 10 million
                              and i.ValuationRatios.SalesPerShare*i.EarningReports.DilutedAverageShares.Value > 10000000
                              and i.OperationRatios.ROA.Value != 0]
        # sort into 2 halfs based on market capitalization
        sorted_market_cap = sorted(fine, key = lambda x:x.MarketCap, reverse=True)
        top = sorted_market_cap[:int(len(sorted_market_cap)*0.5)]
        bottom = sorted_market_cap[-int(len(sorted_market_cap)*0.5):]
        # each half is then divided into deciles based on Return on Assets (ROA)
        sortedTopByROA = sorted(top, key = lambda x: x.OperationRatios.ROA.Value, reverse = True)
        sortedBottomByROA = sorted(bottom, key = lambda x: x.OperationRatios.ROA.Value, reverse = True)
        # long top decile from each market capitalization group
        long = sortedTopByROA[:int(len(sortedTopByROA)*0.1)] + sortedBottomByROA[:int(len(sortedTopByROA)*0.1)]
        self.longStocks = [i.Symbol for i in long]
        # short bottom decile from each market capitalization group
        short = sortedTopByROA[-int(len(sortedTopByROA)*0.1):] + sortedBottomByROA[-int(len(sortedTopByROA)*0.1):]
        self.shortStocks = [i.Symbol for i in short]

        return self.longStocks + self.shortStocks
    else:
        return Universe.Unchanged

The algorithm goes long the top decile from each market capitalization group and short the bottom decile. The strategy is rebalanced monthly and stocks are equally weighted.

def OnData(self, data):
    if not (self.monthly_rebalance and self.coarse): return
    self.coarse = False
    self.monthly_rebalance = False

    stocks_invested = [x.Key for x in self.Portfolio if x.Value.Invested]
    for i in stocks_invested:
        if i not in self.longStocks+self.shortStocks:
            self.Liquidate(i)

    long_weight = 0.5/len(self.longStocks)
    for i in self.longStocks:
        self.SetHoldings(i, long_weight)

    short_weight = 0.5/len(self.shortStocks)
    for i in self.shortStocks:
        self.SetHoldings(i, -short_weight)

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